Second Citizenship

Citizenship by Investment allows eligible individuals and families to apply for citizenship by making a qualifying contribution or investment in a country, subject to due diligence, source of funds review, documentation, and government approval. 

No. Citizenship by Investment is a formal legal process. Applicants must satisfy eligibility, due diligence, source of funds, documentation, and approval requirements. Citizenship is not guaranteed. 

The lowest current starting point among the options listed on this page is Naoero’s limited-time contribution route from USD $90,000. Among established Caribbean programs, Dominica starts from USD $200,000. Costs vary by family size, route, due diligence fees, government fees, professional fees, and program rules. 

Processing times vary by country and application. Some programs may take a few months, while others can take longer depending on document readiness, due diligence, interview requirements, government processing, and the complexity of the case. 

No. No reputable adviser should guarantee citizenship. All applications are subject to eligibility, due diligence, source of funds review, documentation, interview requirements where applicable, and final government approval. 

Many Citizenship by Investment programs allow eligible family members to be included, such as a spouse, dependent children, and sometimes parents, grandparents, or siblings. Family eligibility varies by program. 

Some programs have no or low physical presence requirements, while others may require a visit, oath, residence period, biometrics, or other in-country steps. Requirements vary by jurisdiction. 

It may. A second passport may provide additional visa-free or visa-on-arrival access depending on the country. Travel access changes over time and should always be checked before travel. 

Not automatically in most cases. Citizenship and tax residence are separate issues. Tax treatment depends on residence, domicile, income, assets, remittances, and the laws of relevant countries. Professional tax advice should be obtained. 

Many Citizenship by Investment countries permit dual citizenship. However, applicants must also confirm whether dual citizenship is permitted under the laws of their current country or countries of citizenship. 

Citizenship by Investment can lead directly to citizenship if approved. Residence by Investment usually grants residence rights first and may only lead to permanent residence or citizenship after additional residence, language, integration, or time requirements are met. 

Requirements vary by country but commonly include passports, birth certificates, police certificates, proof of address, source of funds documents, financial records, professional references, medical documents, family records, and investment or contribution documentation. 

Due diligence is the background, identity, financial, source of funds, and risk review carried out on applicants and qualifying dependents. It is a central part of all reputable citizenship programs. 

This depends on the program, the country involved, the type of visa refusal, and whether the refusal was later resolved. Applicants with previous visa refusals should seek advice before proceeding. 

Some programs offer approved real estate routes. Real estate requirements, minimum investment amounts, holding periods, fees, and resale rules vary by country. 

No. Real estate values, rental income, resale options, and investment returns are not guaranteed. Outcomes depend on the property, market conditions, fees, taxes, management costs, holding period, and exit terms. 

Grenada has an E-2 Investor Visa Treaty with the United States. Grenadian citizens may be eligible to apply for a US E-2 non-immigrant visa, subject to separate US requirements. Grenada citizenship does not guarantee E-2 approval. 

Argentina has introduced a developing citizenship framework linked to investment, but final program rules, investment routes, and procedures should be confirmed before applicants rely on the route. Interested applicants should begin with early eligibility and document preparation. 

The right option depends on your nationality, family profile, budget, timeline, travel needs, source of funds, risk profile, tax position, and long-term objectives. A private consultation can help compare suitable routes. 

No. Malta Citizenship by Merit is not a standard Citizenship by Investment program. Unlike defined investment routes, Malta’s framework is discretionary and based on exceptional contribution, strategic value, or national interest. There is no fixed investment route or guaranteed approval. 

Malta is included because it remains a citizenship pathway offered by Latitude, but it should not be described as a standard Citizenship by Investment program. Malta’s current route is a Citizenship by Merit framework, which is discretionary and assessed on a case-by-case basis. 

Citizenship by Investment is usually based on a defined qualifying contribution or investment route. Citizenship by Merit is typically discretionary and based on exceptional contribution, strategic value, or national interest. Malta’s current framework should be described as Citizenship by Merit, not a standard CBI program. 

No. Austria does not have a standard Citizenship by Investment program. Austrian citizenship may be granted in exceptional cases under Article 10, Section 6 of the Citizenship Act, where an applicant is considered to have made an extraordinary contribution to the country. This is a discretionary Citizenship by Merit route, not a defined investment program with guaranteed approval.

Standard Citizenship by Investment programs usually have defined contribution or investment routes. Austria’s Citizenship by Merit framework is different because applications are assessed on extraordinary merit and national value. Qualifying contributions may include major direct investment that creates jobs and tax revenue, or significant support for public-interest projects such as arts, science, education, or research. Passive investments, including real estate purchases, government bonds, or bank deposits, do not qualify.